OPTIMASI KONSUMSI UAP BARU SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGHEMATAN ENERGI DI PABRIK GULA (OPTIMIZING THE LIVE STEAM CONSUMPTION AS AN EFFORD TO GET ENERGY SAVING IN SUGAR FACTORY)

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Subhanuel Bahri ^*)

^*) Pusat Penelitian Perkebunan Gula Indonesia (P3GI)-Pasuruan

ABSTRAK

                Pabrik gula didesain untuk berswasembada energi, artinya seluruh kebutuhan energi yang digunakan mengolah tebu menjadi gula dapat dipenuhi dari pembakaran ampas tebu dalam Unit Ketel Uap. Bahkan dimasa mendatang pabrik gula justru diharapkan surplus energi, sehingga terbuka peluang menjual kelebihan energinya kepublik, sebagai pendapatan tambahan untuk meningkatkan daya saingnya. Dalam rangka mewujudkan semuanya itu, perlu dilakukan program optimasi konsumsi uap baru di pabrik gula. Beberapa hasil penelitian dan pengalaman empirik menunjukkan bahwa, kelancaran giling (jam berhenti karena sebab di dalam pabrik < 5% total jam giling), kualitas uap baru (kejatuhan tekanan dan suhu uap baru), jenis mesin penggerak utama (jenis turbin uap single/multi stage atau motor listrik), serta alokasi jenis mesin penggerak utama (kapan digunakan turbin uap single/multi stage atau motor listrik), merupakan faktor-faktor dominan yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian yang serius.

Kata kunci : energi, ketel uap, motor listrik, pabrik gula, turbin uap, uap

ABSTRACT

                Sugar factory was designed to be self sufficiency in energy. Its mean that all the energy required to process cane to become sugar can be fulfilled by burning bagasse in the boiler unit. In the future, sugar factory was also expected to have an excess energy, to be sold to public as an additional income to increase their competition ability. In order to realizing the above conditions, there was a need to conduct an optimization program of live steam consumption in sugar factory. The results of some research and empirical experienced indicated that, continuous milling (stop hours due to factory < 5% total milling hours), live steam quality (pressure and temperature drop), type of prime mover (single/multi stage steam turbine type or electric motor), allocation of type of prime mover (when using single/multi stage steam turbine or electric motor), was representing dominant factors which require to get serious attention.

Keywords: energy, steam boiler, electric motor, sugar factory, steam turbine, steam